The damage and bionomics of the aphid are briefly introduced. Aphis craccivora, variously known as the cowpea aphid, groundnut aphid or black legume. Eggs develop within the mother and nymphs are born live. Ruchika kataria geedi postdoctoral research associate. Research resistance in alfalfa to aphis craccivora koch lilian r. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Worldwide populations of the aphid aphis craccivora are. Finchtv is a designed to allow researchers to view dna sequence files like the chromatograms you are using here. Specialisation of bacterial endosymbionts that protect aphids. Date of inspection weeks the first season 20102011.
Aphis craccivora, crop pest, entomopathogenic fungi, median lethal concentration introduction cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch is a threat to cowpea growers in all over the country. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The feeding of this aphid on clover and alfalfa causes plant wilting as well as. Use neem oil, either alone or in combination with the entomopathogenic fungi biopesticides. Like other aphids, aphis craccivora produces copious amounts of honeydew, a sweet and watery anal excrement that serves as a medium on which sooty mould grows. Study on the effectiveness of pesticides against cowpea. Aphididae, is one of the most common and wellknown insect pests throughout the world minks and harrewijn 1987, blackman and eastop 2006, sadeghi et al. Cowpea aphid, black legume aphid, groundnut aphid distribution. Originally of probable palearctic origin, it is now an invasive species of cosmopolitan distribution. Specialisation of bacterial endosymbionts that protect. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora koch ilse schreiner, ph. Biology and demographic growth parameters of cowpea aphid.
Sep 16, 2014 stylet penetration activities by aphis craccivora homoptera. Publishing and conversion into digital format made possible by funding from. Because dna sequences differ somewhat between species and between individuals within a species, dna sequences are widely used for identification. When choosing a pesticide, consider information relating to air and water quality, resistance management, and the pesticides properties and application timing. Polyphagous, with a preference for legumes economic importance. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch hemiptera, aphidiae, was collected from a greenhouse on fava bean, vicia faba fabales, fabaceae, at the university of kentucky.
Insecta, hemimetabola, hemiptera, sternorrhyncha, aphidoidea, aphididae common name. Specialisation of bacterial endosymbionts that protect aphids from parasitoids mark k. Aphis craccivora aphicroverview eppo global database. Review and key to aphids hemiptera a quarterly devoted. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, koch is a key pest of the crop. Olfactory response of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, to host odours and population of conspecifics j. Aphis craccivora can curl, yellow, or stunt leaves and can reduce flower production and stem growth. Walpers, is a major dietary staple in tropical africa where it is most often cultivated.
The following are ranked with the pesticides having the greatest ipm value listed firstthe most effective and least harmful to natural enemies, honey bees, and the environment are at the top of the table. And predators on faba bean and cowpea in newly reclaimed areas in egypt 1424 records in egypt elheneidy et al. Aphis craccivora fabaceae senna gaudichaudii kolomona, kalamona, uhiuhi m aphis craccivora fabaceae vigna marina mohihihi, nanea, pulihilihi h aphis craccivora malvaceae sida fallax ilima h aphis fabae solanaceae solanum americanum popolo, olohua, polopolo m, o aphis gossypii boraginaceae heliotropium anomalum hinahina, hinahina ku kahakai m. Cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch is a threat to cowpea growers in all over the country. Aphids can infest cowpea through direct feeding on leaves, pods and other aerial tissues of the plant, or indirectly through the transmission of virus diseases 4 6. Description adult females are black, the apterae dorsally shiny. Aphis craccivora a polyphagous aphid species with a preference for fabaceae.
This small aphid is less than in length, and is easily distinguished from other aphids in alfalfa because adults are shiny black and nymphs are dull grey figs. And predators on faba bean and cowpea in newly reclaimed areas in egypt 1426 table 1. It is a polyphagous pest ovsyannikova and grichanov, 2009. Aphis craccivora is the most important insect pest of cowpea and also causes significant yield losses in other legume crops including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins and peanuts.
Aphids are important piercingsucking insects that during feeding cause significant loss of a plants phloem sap, which is essential for plant growth dixon 1998. Insect management for legumes beans, peas 2 figure 1. The behavior of aphis gossypii and aphis craccivora hemiptera. Since economic thresholds have been developed for individual species, proper aphid. Control of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. All species cause similar damage, but spotted alfalfa aphid and blue alfalfa aphids are the most damaging in our system. Usda aphis regionalization evaluation services information. In many of these crops there is no natural genetic resistance to this sapsucking insect or resistance genes have been overcome by newly emerged cpa biotypes. Media in category aphis craccivorathe following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. The aphids, either apterous or alate, are always parthenogenetic viviparous females. Morphtaxonomic analyses of 2009 aphid collections were carried out and the aphid was identified as aphis craccivora koch. Jim baker, north carolina state university, aphid, aphis craccivora, are the only species. Young and adult cowpea aphids aphis craccivora koch homoptera. On faba bean and cowpea plants in newly reclaimed land in egypt ali, sh.
Species scientific name, pests common names, glossary, crops. Brown citrus aphid, toxoptera citricida kirkaldy insecta. Aphis craccivora typically feeds on several species of legumes family fabaceae worldwide, including alfalfa, beans, chickpea, lentils, lupins, and peanuts. Dna analysis and finchtv dna sequence data can be used to answer many types of questions. Control of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch homoptera. Foottit4 abstract the aphid species from eleven of the major islands of micronesia ranging from majuro, republic of the marshall islands in the east to koror and babeldaup, republic of palau in the. Aphididae on plants and excised plant parts of resistant and susceptible cultivars of cowpea leguminosae. Review the department of pesticide regulations updated fact sheet pdf. Aphis craccivora cowpea aphid identification, images. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora, is common throughout the united states and mexico and is becoming more common in utah alfalfa fig.
Aphis craccivora koch, has become a pest of alfalfa and has been found colonizing cotton in californias san joaquin valley. The female has a glossy black or dark brown body with a prominent cauda taillike protrusion, and legs in some shade of brown or yellow. The cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch aphididae, is considered to be one of the major pests in the semiarid pampas of argentina and in other alfalfa. Inheritance of aphid resistance and allelic relationships among sources of resistance was studied in the parents, f1, f2, f3, and backcross populations of. Pdf new sources of aphids aphis craccivora koch resistance in. It is a polyphagous species, with a marked preference for herbaceous leguminoseae. Biological activity of select plant and indigenous. Amaresh abstract cowpea, vigna unguiculata, is an important food crop in many tropical regions. Aphis craccivora koch basf colony and damage on bean to read this page in french. The following 5 files are in this category, out of 5 total. Aphis craccivora is a vector of several viruses including broad bean mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus and groundnut rosette virus.
Cowpea aphid on alfalfauc pest management guidelines. Pdf this study sought to identify new sources of resistance to cowpea aphids cpa using molecular and phenotypic approaches and the. Kumar 2016 population dynamics of aphis craccivora koch and its natural enemies on bean crop in relation to weather parameters in vadodara, gujarat. Pdf the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, is an important pest of robinia pseudoacacia frisia. But more frequently this pest was noticed in severe form on cowpea and groundnut.
During the spring season on the hibiscus plants in our backyard, we find this aphid. There were two significant associations between facultative symbiont and aphid food plant. See subspecies craccivora for additional information. Aphididae is commonly called as cowpea aphid, black legume aphid and groundnut aphid. Host odour preference of aphis craccivora journal of biopesticides 31 special issue 405 407 2010 405 olfactory response of cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, to host odours and population of conspecifics j. Cowpea aphid in alfalfa john palumbo, entomologist, yuma valley agricultural center barry tickes, area agent, yuma county cooperative extension new problem during the past two years, the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch, has been extremely abundant in alfalfa fields throughout the desert. Regionalization evaluation services information the regionalization evaluation services res evaluates the animal health status of foreign regions zones and the risk of disease introduction via commodities for import into the united states. Identification and characterization of resistance to. The grv complex was first described in africa in 1907, when it strongly affected groundnut production. Invertebrate microbiology worldwide populations of the aphid aphis craccivora are infected with diverse facultative bacterial symbionts cristina m. Temperature and development impacts on housekeeping gene. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Nov 09, 2017 the call center will provide better service and shorter wait times for aphis stakeholders. Aphis gossypii damages cotton plants during both vegetative and.
Doralis robiniae macchiati pergandeida craccivora koch pergandeida loti kaltenbach pergandeida robiniae macchiati. It is a major economic pest of groundnut and cowpea, particularly in the tropics, and a significant pest of mungbean vigna. Therioaphis maculata, and cowpea aphid aphis craccivora make up a winter aphid complex. Download help aphis craccivora tsn 200575 taxonomy and nomenclature. Descamps1, carolina sanchezchopa1, and jorge bizetturovsky1 the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch aphididae, is considered to be one of the major pests in the semiarid pampas of argentina and in other alfalfa medicago sativa l. Nymphs dull greyish, lightly powdered biology it lives throughout the year without producing sexual forms.
Doralida loti kaltenbach doralina craccivora koch doralis meliloti. Both nymphs and adults suck plant sap and cause serious damage right from the seedling to pod bearing stage. Aphis is a genus of insects in the family aphididae containing at least 600 species of aphids. Kumar 2017 studies on the presence of semiochemicals e.
It is one of the commonest aphid species in the tropics. By testing their field efficacy, they can be used as potential biocontrol agent for the management of cowpea aphid. Aphis craccivora initially infests cowpea seedlings, but as this plant develops, it may. Pdf comparative life table of aphis craccivora hem aphididae. Study on the effectiveness of pesticides against cowpea aphid. To test the efficacy of insecticides against aphis craccivora four insecticides were selected viz. Aphis craccivora, variously known as the cowpea aphid, groundnut aphid or black legume aphid, is a true bug in the family aphididae. Biological activity of select plant and indigenous extracts. Seasonal abundance of aphis craccivora on faba bean plants cultivated during the two seasons 20102011 and 20112012 in the newly reclaimed sandy area, elkhattara district.
The production is, however, greatly hampered by severe infestation and damage by insect pests including the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch. Field and laboratory studies in eastern uganda confirmed the effectiveness of syrphus ribesti as a potential biological control agent of aphis craccivora on cowpea munyuli et al. Aphid colony, body length 12mm this aphid is known as cowpea aphids or cow pea aphids. Aphids are important piercingsucking insects that during feeding cause significant. North carolina agricultural experiment station technical bulletin 255. Krauss essig 1956 aphis gossypii glover abelmoschus esculentus l.
The aphids, aphis craccivora koch is a serious pest in agricultural fields of vadodara. Cowpea aphid aphis craccivora family aphididae this page contains pictures and information about cowpea aphids that we found in the brisbane area, queensland, australia. The call center will provide better service and shorter wait times for aphis stakeholders. Institute, arc, dokki, giza, egypt manuscript received 9 march 2014 abstract the population densities of the cowpea aphid, aphis craccivora koch on faba bean and cowpea plants and its parasitoids were. Analyzing a dna sequence chromatogram student researcher background. It includes many notorious agricultural pests, such as the soybean aphid aphis glycines. In a chromatogram file, the signal intensities are presented in a graph with the four bases, each.
Chemical, cultural, physical and biological methods, and use of plant. Worldwide in distribution, but particularly common in warm temperate and tropical regions. The cowpea aphid on cotton is easily confused with cotton aphid, a. Host odour preference of 405 olfactory response of cowpea. In experiments on soyabean in egypt, releases of chrysoperla carnea larvae on plants infected with healthy or soybean mosaic virus sbmvviruliferous aphids of a. Resistance in alfalfa to aphis craccivora koch chilean journal of. Genetics of resistance to aphis craccivora in cowpea springerlink. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties.
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